Author Archives: Steph Willems

About Steph Willems

A Canadian man with a love for cars, likely born 50 years too late.

Mr. Belvedere

1966 Plymouth Belvedere, spotted in Aylmer, Quebec.

1966 Plymouth Belvedere, spotted in Aylmer, Quebec.

Call it a sleeper.

When people think of 1960s Chrysler Corporation collectibles, the mind usually turns (almost exclusively) to the years 1968 and ’69, and the hot muscle cars cranked out by Dodge and Plymouth.

Brash, in-your-face, and often sporting vivid colours to alert cops from afar, those rides oozed appeal but they aren’t – oh, what’s the word – subtle.

Go back a few years further, and you’d find there was still muscle to be had, only with a side of anonymity.

The 1966 Plymouth Belvedere is a good example of that – a car that could drag race on a country road but wouldn’t appear out of place in a church parking lot.

Inside this grandpa car lurks pure, raw POWER. Beware.

Inside this grandpa car lurks pure, raw POWER. Beware.

The Belvedere was Plymouth’s bread and butter midsize, sandwiched between the compact Valiant and the full-size Fury.

Spanning a number of body styles, the Belvedere line included the Belvedere I and II trim levels, as well as the top-level Belvedere Satellite, available only as a two door.

After spending the early 1960s in a state of confusion trying to figure out its styling direction, Chrysler Corp. entered 1966 with a firm commitment to the slab-sided look, which adorned everything from lowly Plymouths to top-end Imperials.

The razor-edged styling motif, which served to emphasize the vehicles’ length, continued until the Fuselage Era of 1969-1974.

1966 was also the year Chrysler began hitting the gym and showing off.

The fastback Plymouth Barracuda and Dodge Charger bowed that year, the latter backed by a youth-oriented ‘Dodge Rebellion’ advertising campaign.

It's got the power. The top-level Belvedere engine made 425 horsepower.

It’s got the power. The top-level Belvedere engine made 425 horsepower.

The corporation capitalized on the success of its vehicles – including the Belvedere – in the hands of NASCAR drivers like Richard Petty, inserting those wins into ad material to bolster its growing street cred.

Midsizers often prove to be versatile vehicles, and the Belvedere was eager to be anything its owner wanted it to be.

With a 225 c.i.d. Slant-Six serving as a base engine, the Belvedere could be equipped with a vast array of V-8s. A 273 c.i.d. with 180 hp, a 318 with 230hp, a 361 with 265 hp, and a Commando 383 with 325 hp were available, as was the range-topping 426 Plymouth Street Hemi.

That engine, introduced in 1966, made 425 horsepower and 490 ft-lbs of torque. When coupled with the Belvedere’s fairly light midsize body, the engine was a performance monster.

The Belvedere spotted here sported ‘383’ badges and the popular and bulletproof 3-speed TorqueFlite automatic. No doubt it could lay some rubber in a hurry. But, if you were to take away the white letter tires and sport rims, there’d be little to give away this car’s performance secret.

In a word: discreet.

The early rumblings of the muscle car could be heard in 1966.

The early rumblings of the muscle car could be heard in 1966.

Join the club

The must-have feature for modern vehicle styling - a faux perorated fender (Pictured: Kia K900)

The must-have feature in modern vehicle styling – a faux perforated fender (Pictured: Kia K900)

When it comes to styling trends, everyone’s invited to the party

 

2015 Ford Taurus (Image: Ford Motor Company)

2015 Ford Taurus (Image: Ford Motor Company)

Call them what you want – fender vents, side vents, fender holes, speed holes – perforated fenders are the latest in a long line of must-have automotive design clichés.

Styling cues come and go like any other fad (hula hoops, disco, anti-vaxxers), but when they’re in vogue, we’re stuck seeing them everywhere.

Not to long ago, at the dawn of the Third Millennium (*music swells*), the cue du jour was the elaborate and lofty decklid spoiler. In the ’70s, it was vinyl landau roofs, opera windows and concealed headlights. In the ’50s, it was high-flying tailfins and wraparound windshields.

There are always exceptions to the rule, and the styling cue never reaches full market saturation, but it can be a wild ride as each era plays itself out.

2015 Kia Optima (Image: Kia Canada)

2015 Kia Optima (Image: Kia Canada)

Perforated fenders always used to be the domain of Buick, which had tell-tale ‘portholes’ adorning its forward flanks in the late ’40s and ’50s. Those holes (six for lower-end cars, eight for top-end) became rectangular and melded together when they reappeared on full-size Buicks in the late ’70s.

The circular portholes returned for the last years of the Park Avenue in the early 2000s, which was still a ways before our current design era.

The thing about the Buick portholes was they were unmistakably ‘Buick’. They were a design cue attributable to a single make of car. Pontiac, Chevy and Oldsmobile never took them for a spin. Hell, you’d have to seek out a foreign roadster or sports coupe to find another example of fender slats, holes or gouges.

1978 Buick LeSabre with tell-tale 'portholes' and awesome stock rims. Ignore the loud slacks on the kid.

1978 Buick LeSabre with tell-tale ‘portholes’ and awesome stock rims. Ignore the loud slacks on the kid.

These days… (*leans back in rocking chair, takes out pipe*) …seemingly every vehicle from family sedans to hatchbacks to crossover utility vehicles has adopted them.

The Americans, Brits and Koreans seem especially enamoured with them.

Some are okay. Some fit the body style, are integrated nicely into the car’s bodyside sculpting and trim, and do something for the overall package.

Other faux vents are very clearly a tacky, glued-on embellishment slapped into any available space ahead of the door but behind the front wheel well.

2015 Range Rover Sport (Image: Jaguar Land Rover)

2015 Range Rover Sport (Image: Jaguar Land Rover)

Cheap-looking and devoid of any grand styling purpose, divorced from the rest of the car’s body, they’re like a Rambler American sporting stratospheric tailfins because hey, they’re all the rage these days.

The problem for other automakers – namely, the ones who pull of a good fender vent – is that the posers drain their vehicles of the exclusivity the cue is supposed to signify. It’s a caché killer.

We’re in luck, though. Much like college-age experiments in vegetarianism and bisexuality, this phase will soon pass.

 

2015 Subaru BRZ (Image: Subaru Canada)

2015 Subaru BRZ (Image: Subaru Canada)

Fender vent heroes:

Jaguar F-Type

Ford Taurus

Range Rover Sport

 

Fender vent zeroes:

Ford Escape

Kia Optima

Subaru BRZ

Honourable mention – Kia K900

Recapturing the spark

Rough road ahead for Chevy Volt ‘2.0’ ?

 

Featuring longer range and other improvements, the 2016 Chevy Volt goes on sale in the second half of 2015 (Image: General Motors)

Featuring a longer range and new styling, the 2016 Chevy Volt goes on sale in the latter half of 2015 (Image: General Motors)

The next-generation Chevrolet Volt has been revealed, and yes, it does look a lot like a 2013 Honda Civic (with a bit of Acura TL thrown in).

With that admission out of the way, let’s explore the car itself, and the challenges it faces in today’s market.

Chevy’s ground breaking Volt, first sold in the U.S. in late 2010, showed car buyers that a middle ground could exist between hybrids and full-electric vehicles – one that prevented range anxiety while still being as green as the owner wanted.

Unusually proportioned at release, the Volt’s design quickly aged, and its exclusivity eroded as competitors began emerging in the form of plug-in hybrids and new EVs.

While Tesla’s Model S has since provided the market with a truly viable long-range EV, newer plug-ins took the hybrid concept and added a longer all-electric range (via a larger battery pack).

Sales of the first-generation Volt slipped in 2014.

Sales of the first-generation Volt slipped in 2014.

The Volt, which offered about 40 miles (65 km) of all-electric range, sort of split the difference between the plug-in hybrids and lower-end EVs like the Nissan Leaf.

But the market has proven a tough one – for hybrids and EVs. Sales targets for vehicles like the Volt (as well as market share predictions for EVs) didn’t materialize, even though high gas prices accompanied the Volt’s introduction in late 2010 and continued until the latter half of 2014.

Sales figures show a marked drop in Volt sales in 2014 (18,805 U.S. sales) when compared to the two previous years (23,461 and 23,094 in 2012 and 2013, respectively).

The Volt’s declining fortunes in 2014 could be attributed to a number of factors – increased competition, an aging exterior, and the oil crash late in the year. Whatever the reason, GM knew an update was needed and had an extensive re-work planned for some time.

 

Under (its) skin

 

Still a liftback, the 2016 Volt adds an extra passenger seat in the back (Image: General Motors)

Still a liftback, the 2016 Volt adds an extra passenger seat in the back (Image: General Motors)

The 2015 Volt bows with a new (yet strangely familiar) body – certainly leaner and far less awkward-looking than before – as well as improved electric range and gas mileage. Acceleration is improved, and a fifth seat has been added to the interior.

The Volt’s electric drive unit has shed 100 pounds, and its newly enlarged 18.4 kWh battery pack is now 21 pounds lighter, thanks to a fewer number of cells. Electric range has been boosted to 50 miles (80.5 km), with an improved total range of over 400 miles (644 km) made possible by a direct-injected 1.5-litre four-cylinder gas generator.

In comparison, the first-generation Volt’s 1.4-litre unit returned worse mileage and ran on premium fuel.

Chevrolet claims that all of these improvements came from suggestions posed by existing Volt owners. Clearly, those owners wanted some more low-end ‘oomph’, because the new Volt’s drivetrain launches the car to 30 mph (48.3 km/h) 19% faster than before.

Owners of first-generation Volts were consulted during the design process for the 2016 model.

Owners of first-generation Volts were consulted during the design process for the 2016 model.

When I test drove a Volt in 2011 I noticed that the low-end acceleration, while buttery smooth, was more tepid than I had been expecting. It gave the car a feeling of being slightly overweight.

The boosted low-end grunt means a seven percent improvement in the Volt’s zero-to-60 (0-97 km/h) time. It now takes 8.4 seconds to reach highway speeds.

As well, the Volt’s brakes have been swapped for ones that offers better regenerative braking ‘feel’, and its portable charging cord set has been redesigned to be simpler and more compact.

No doubt many a Volt owner spent a very involved evening with his GM questionnaire.

 

What the future holds

 

My crystal ball isn’t returning a prediction, because it doesn’t exist.

If demand for hybrids and EVs were solely due to high gas prices, it would be safe to say the Volt – no matter how improved – will go over like a lead balloon. But that isn’t the case, and never has been.

The relatively high cost of hybrids and EVs always outweighed the inherent savings in gas and maintenance, so oil and gas prices can’t be the sole determining factor. After all, while sales of the Volt declined in topsy-turvy 2014, sales of the Nissan LEAF rose compared to previous years.

People who found the previous Volt an attractive buy back in 2010/2011 will likely think the new and improved Volt is that much better. More versatility and more refinements equal an attractive car, no?

While the 2016 Volt – which goes on sale in the second half of this year – won’t likely be remembered as a modern-day Edsel, it does have a tough slog ahead of it. Beating away competition, both gas-powered and electric, while carving a thin slice of market share for itself won’t be any easier than it was five years ago.

 

Links:

http://www.goodcarbadcar.net/2011/01/chevrolet-volt-sales-figures.html

(MK)X marks the spot

The 2016 Lincoln MKX will adopt what's good about its little brother, the MKC (hint: tasteful styling)

The 2016 Lincoln MKX will adopt what’s good about its little brother, the MKC (hint: tasteful styling)

The MKX has finally grown into itself.

The Ford Edge-based SUV, which slots right in the middle of Lincoln’s utility vehicle lineup, has been identity challenged right from the beginning. Bowing in 2007, the MKX was clearly a tarted-up, badge engineering Ford that swapped front fascias and taillights for a 2011 refresh.

The 2016 MKX, revealed earlier this month at the North American International Auto show in Detroit (and photographed here in Montreal) pushes its parent vehicle further away by adopting a clear, full-body styling job.

It just so happens that the new MKX’s styling cues – flowing fender bulges, pronounced rear haunches, split grille and narrow, full-width taillights – are the same cues that adorn its smaller, well-received sibling, the MKC.

Tasteful elegance seems to be the goal for Lincoln's mid-sized utility (Image: Lincoln Motor Company)

Tasteful elegance seems to be the goal for Lincoln’s mid-sized utility (Image: Lincoln Motor Company)

Clearly, head brass at Lincoln saw they had something good going with the MKC and applied the same touches to their wayward mid-sizer, thus giving the brand a more cohesive design language.

The styling is careful and understated, yet still pleasing to the eye, and no longer resembles a Ford with a Lincoln badge.

Under the hood, Ford’s 3.7-litre V-6 returns as the standard engine, making a projected 300 horsepower and 280 foot-pounds of torque.

The upgrade will be Ford’s new 2.7-litre EcoBoost V-6, a twin-turbo unit that Lincoln says makes 330 horsepower and 370 foot-pounds of torque (based on early data tests). This is the engine that Ford is touting as the mileage-making upgrade in its newly lightened, aluminum-framed F-150 pickups.

Both engines will be mated to a 6-speed automatic transmission with push-button shifting (because buttons = luxury, obviously).

Fender bulges, more pronounced rear haunches and full-width taillights class up the new MKX.

Fender bulges, more pronounced rear haunches and full-width taillights class up the new MKX.

The long-awaited, oft-mentioned Lincoln resurgence appears to be happening, with 2014 sales numbers showing a definite uptick in U.S. sales compared to the five stagnant years that came before it.

The MKZ sedan and MKC utility get most of the credit for renewing interest in the flagging brand, but if the MKX’s new look impresses in the same way as its smaller stablemate, it can only help sales.

The restyled model’s popularity remains to be seen (it goes on sale this summer), but it’s still nice to see Lincoln becoming more cohesive and self-assured as a brand.

 

Links:

http://www.goodcarbadcar.net/2012/10/lincoln-brand-sales-figures-usa-canada.html

Motoring, à la française

The Hyundai Intrado sport crossover concept comes unwrapped at the Montreal International Auto Show.

The Hyundai Intrado sport crossover concept comes unwrapped at the Montreal International Auto Show.

Thoughts from the 2015 Montreal Auto Show

 

There’s few things as unsexy as driving in Canada in the middle of January.

Brutal cold is never sexy, nor is starting your car in that same nostril hair-freezing temperature and shivering while the heater valiantly tries (and fails) to blow warm air.

Road salt and brown-grey slush covers everything – roads, sidewalks, your car, your pants – while the weather forecast teases you with warmer weather (which never materializes) on the last day of the week.

So it was fitting that the mercury was holding steady at minus 25 when I left Ottawa for the warm, glitzy confines of the Montreal Auto Show this past week.

Thankfully, the only salt to be found inside the Palais des Congrès was on my Old Dutch potato chips.

Here it is - the 2084 Camry! Actually, the Toyota FT1 concept is meant to tease a future design direction for the company.

Here it is – the 2084 Camry! Actually, the Toyota FT1 concept is meant to tease a future design direction for the company.

Unlike past years, lots of concepts were unveiled this time around, and mainly from Japanese automakers. Could it be they’re feeling a growing ‘beige’ backlash to their sensible but reserved offerings?

The wildest concept by far was the Toyota FT1, a two-seater supercar that was red enough and low enough to arouse Prince. Missing a drivetrain, the FT1’s totally un-Camrylike styling is a direction the company rep said Toyota plans to go in.

No word on whether the FT1 will be appearing alongside Corollas in Toyota showrooms anytime soon, but I somehow doubt it.

Supercars are hot, but they aren’t big sellers. Most of the concepts revealed at the show were a little more sensible, and shared a common theme: compact, sporty, 2-door crossovers aimed at adventurous, urban Millennials.

Subaru's VIZIV 2 concept (another 2-door sport crossover!) reflects the company's future styling plans.

Subaru’s VIZIV 2 concept (another 2-door sport crossover!) reflects the company’s future styling plans.

Have you finished vomiting yet? Yes, the ‘adventurous, urban Millennial’ is the new, hipsterized ‘young urban professional’ of yesterday.

Whether you’re grabbing your beard buddies and heading down to the Vance Joy/Lumineers concert, taking your open relationship girlfriend to the Lena Dunham book signing, or ironically shopping for Mason jars or corduroys by yourself, these concepts were meant to arouse apathy and muted passion all at once.

Subaru brought its VIZIV 2 concept, Hyundai rolled out the Intrado, and Volkswagen showed up with the T-ROC. Together, the concepts were meant to imply a design and market direction, one that (if accurate) should have America’s young people toasting their good fortune with overly hoppy craft beer.

Paging Millennials - the Volkswagen T-ROC might be the lifestyle you need.

Paging Millennials – the Volkswagen T-ROC might be the lifestyle you need.

All joking aside, the concepts have definite appeal. A Jack-of-all-trades vehicle that combines sportiness with modern amenities, a city-friendly body length and usable utility would seemingly be the perfect vehicle for a childless one-car couple.

They could easily be a second, more ‘fun’ car for a Baby Boomer couple. Or, just maybe, individuals of all ages might come to the conclusion that – based on its attributes – this is the car for them.

Besides the concepts, a number of models ready and waiting to be bought were given some time in the limelight.

The North American unveiling of the Mazda 2 revealed a newly KODOized styling job, a new 1.5-litre SKYACTIV-G engine, a longer wheelbase and basically upgraded everything. Despite the freshening up, it looks like the 2 will retain the sprightly personality it has made for itself.

The front end of the 2016 Mazda 2 shows off its new KODO design language.

The front end of the 2016 Mazda 2 shows off its new KODO design language.

The Fiat 500X, the larger crossover built atop the stretched 500L platform that underpins the Jeep Renegade, impressed with its pleasing proportions and tasteful trim. Compared to the 500X, the 500L looks like a birthday cake after a  grenade attack.

Lincoln’s refreshed-for-2016 MKX was at the show, but wasn’t afforded any unveiling time. Still the black MKX in the display reflected the new MKC-inspired styling job well. The treatment can best be described as ‘safely, subtly stylish’ and can only do good things for the mid-size SUV as Lincoln continues with its turnaround.

Missing from the Montreal show (due to overlap with the Detroit show) was the 640-horsepower Cadillac CTS-V sport sedan, which was a damn shame, though the ATS coupe and stunning Elmiraj concept gave journos something sharp (and sharp-edged) to look at.

The Cadillac Elmiraj concept rolled into Canada to show us what a luxury American coupe should look like.

The Cadillac Elmiraj concept rolled into Canada to show us what a luxury American coupe should look like.

I was hoping to come across the Hyundai Santa Cruz concept, but alas, no dice. Unveiled in Detroit, the clamshell door, short-bed unibody pickup concept has generated a lot of interest, and not just because it seemed more ‘fleshed-out’ than other concepts.

The Santa Cruz is downright appealing. While the ‘crossover coupe’ was all the rage at Montreal, I wouldn’t bet against this ‘crossover pickup’ getting the green light from Hyundai before long. It seems like the company was trying to strategically gauge consumer demand by unveiling a nearly production-ready prototype.

Build it, I say.

I disappear

'iM' marks the spot...of a new hatchback...that Scion hopes will sell big(Image: Scion)

‘iM’ marks the spot…of a new hatchback…that Scion hopes will sell big (Image: Scion)

That seems to be what the Scion brand is doing lately, if sales figures are any indication.

A dismal year in both Canada and the U.S. has the youth-oriented Toyota Motor Corp. subsidiary against the ropes – desperate to recapture both sales and the car buying public’s attention.

Last year saw Scion sales drop a collar-tugging 20.4% in Canada compared to 2013, with a 15.1% drop in the U.S. market.

In a bid to shed dead weight, Scion announced last year it would be phasing out its micro-sized iQ, as well as its xD and larger xB hatches, the latter of which was the fledgling brand’s first quirky success story.

Sold in the U.S. since 2004 (and in Canada since the fall of 2010), the funky-yet-practical xB became synonymous with the brand – a box with personality – but soon found itself suffering from declining sales.

U.S. sales figures for the xB reached a high point of over 61,000 units in 2006, but since fell to less than 17,000 in 2014.

The box with baggage. The once-iconic Scion xB will be put out to pasture in the near future (Image: Scion)

A box with baggage. The once-iconic Scion xB will be put out to pasture in the near future (Image: Scion)

The slow-selling FR-S sport coupe released in 2012 in collaboration with Subaru (and sold as the Toyota GT86 overseas) isn’t going to be any company’s bread and butter, nor is the competent but aging tC coupe, which means fresh offerings are needed to keep the brand buoyant.

Recently, Scion offered a peak at what the near future holds for the brand, and it isn’t all that exciting. On Jan. 7, Scion announced it would be introducing the iM hatch at the New York International Auto Show in April.

The model’s concept, unveiled late last year, somewhat resembles the love child of a Mazda 3 and a Toyota Yaris.

The press release makes sure to touch on the youthfulness of the iM:

“The new iM represents one of the two new models that Scion will bring to market in the next three years aimed at independently minded drivers. The vehicles will bring exciting options for Scion’s youthful customers looking for vehicles to support both adventure and sensibility.”

The iM concept car was blue, but Scion hopes it helps them see $$green$$ (Image: Scion)

The iM concept car was blue, but Scion hopes it helps them see $$green$$ (Image: Scion)

Did you catch that? Yes, the iM’s press release points to a SECOND Scion vehicle we can expect to see unveiled this year.

And what kind of  vehicle will this shadowy savior be? A sedan!

Yes, Scion’s first-ever sedan, which will have its work cut out for it trying to distinguish itself in such a crowded (and competitive) field.

Scion says the new sedan, as well as the iM and another model to be introduced in the near future, are “aimed at independently minded 18-34 year olds.”

But there’s so damn few of those! I hope Scion knows what it’s gotten itself into (though I have to imagine they’re more concerned with getting themselves out of their current sales slump).

As excited as Scion is about their new babies, not everyone is marking the days on the calendar. Over at Jalopnik, David Torchinsky called the sedan announcement part of Scion’s “bold plan to phone it in,” cheekily posting an image of an xB with a Toyota Avalon’s trunk grafted onto its ass.

Hipsters might think this is neat. Roll with it.

Hipsters might think this is neat. Roll with it.

Rumour has it that the sedan will be based on the upcoming Mazda 2, which wouldn’t necessarily be a terrible thing. A two-week drive in a Mazda 2 this past summer made me appreciate the plucky car’s interior room, front seat comfort, and go-kart-like handling.

If the bones underneath this sedan are already competent, it’s up to Scion to make the body memorable and desirable. Those Millennials are fickle, status-quo shunning people, after all…*

*(rolls eyes)

…so my advice would be to give it the boxy body of a 1970s Fiat/Lada and call it good.

 

Links:

http://pressroom.scion.com/releases/scion+2015+ny+auto+show+im+sedan+debut.htm

http://media.scion.ca/releases/scion-im-on-the-way-in-2015

http://jalopnik.com/scion-to-introduce-first-sedan-as-part-of-bold-plan-to-1678083595

Iron Curtain joyride

There are few old car films quite as surprising and joyous as this unlikely clip from 1962 Czechoslovakia, featuring the amazing abilities of the Tatra 603.

It’s so good, it just has to be shared as widely as possible.

The Tatra 603 was an odd high-end vehicle manufactured in limited numbers for Communist Party officials and other ruling-class members from 1956 to 1975. Powered by a 2.5-litre, air-cooled V-8 mounted behind the rear wheels, the car was blessed with unusual traction and handling capabilities.

Yes, this Eastern Bloc sedan seems to be able to do it all – slalom, jumps, mountain-climbing, rollovers, river-fording – all while keeping its impeccably dressed occupants comfortable and safe.

Not speaking Czech, I’m not quite sure what’s going on in this tale, but the words on the covered-up license plate would probably shed some light. I assume a father, his daughter and their chauffeur are going joyriding, shake their cop tail, then pretend Mr. White Gloves is a stuntman when the heat catches up.

Sporty and subversive all at once.

The original promotional clip, titled ‘Happy Journeys,’ runs about 12 minutes. The joy of this clip is that the skillful driving (and editing) of the original film is boiled down to its essence and mashed with an uplifting pop song that seems custom made for the Tatra’s soundtrack.

Watch and enjoy, and marvel at the car that does it all. By the end of the five-or-so minutes, you’ll be wishing you were behind the wheel of one of these superhuman Cold War sedans. I found the design of the fastback car – with its upside down bathtub front and bizarre headlight configuration – grew on me before long.

Like the front, the rear end of the Tatra 603 was charmingly unique (Image: Wikimedia Commons)

Like the front, the rear end of the Tatra 603 was charmingly unique (Image: Wikimedia Commons)

The film seems timed to introduce the second version of the 603, which came out in 1962 and featured two conjoined pods of two recessed headlights each. The initial model had three headlights (the middle one turned with the wheel) located in the centre of the front end, while the third model (1968-) pushed apart the headlight pods to their normal locations.

Tatra, which started life as (wait for it) Nesselsdorfer Wagenbau-Fabriks-Gesellschaft A.G., was a central European carriage maker in the mid-19th Century and produced its first gas-powered automobiles in 1897.

A long line of successful vehicles followed, including the radical, streamlined Tatra 77, introduced in 1934. Designed with the help of an aeronautical engineer who had worked at Germany’s Luftschiffbau Zeppelin company, the 77 was an ultramodern vehicle incorporating a tube frame, lightweight alloys, and an advanced, rear-mounted V-8.

Though the company still manufactures heavy trucks, the last Tatra passenger car – the T700 sedan – ceased production in 1999. Throughout the company’s history its car sales remained pretty regional, with no buyer uptake occurring in western Europe – even after the fall of the Berlin Wall.

This makes all Tatras, including the shapely 603, rare beasts on any road or at any car show. Which is a shame – not only are they unique, just look at how much fun their occupants can have!

 

After the gold rush

With dropping oil prices and an economy on the upswing, why not buy that new Mustang? (Image: Ford Motor Company)

With dropping oil prices and an economy on the upswing, why not buy that new Mustang? (Image: Ford Motor Company)

End-of-year sales figures are in, and it seems the people who didn’t buy a new car this year could all fit on a short-wheelbase bus.

2014 turned out to be a boffo year for the automotive industry, and for American manufacturers, too – automakers who just a half-decade ago were questioning whether they’d survive to see the 2010’s.

In Canada, overall sales were up 6% over last year’s totals, and rose an astonishing 16% in December. In the United States, sales also rose 6% in 2014, and 11% in the month of December.

In Canada, the top three companies turned out to be the Big Three, with Ford Motor Company on top with 15.8% of the market, while Fiat-Chrysler took 15.7% and General Motors snagging 13.5%.

In the U.S. of A, GM was on top of the corporate sales ladder with 17.8% of the year’s market share, followed by Ford (14.9%) and Toyota Motor Corporation (14.4%).

Buick made impressive sales gains in Canada in 2014, selling 31% more than the year before (Image: General Motors)

Buick made impressive sales gains in Canada in 2014, selling 31% more than the year before (Image: General Motors)

In terms of brands, Canadians were most partial to Ford, which saw sales rise by 39.5% for December (compared to Dec. ’13) and 2.7% for the year. Honda and Toyota took 2nd and 3rd place, with Chevrolet and RAM rounding out the top five.

South of the border, Americans also found themselves drawn to Ford the most (thought the annual tally dipped by 1.1% over last year), followed by Chevrolet, Toyota, Honda and Nissan.

Other automakers also had strong showings this December compared to last. Buick saw Canadian sales rose 64.9%, finishing the year 31% higher than 2013. Chrysler sales shot up 86.9% in the Christmas month, though overall sales were down slightly (2.9%) for the year.

Even the Lincoln brand, which seemed (until recently) to be as endangered as GM and Chrysler were in 2008, saw positive sales gains. In Canada, the luxury brand saw a 61.4% boost in December, finishing the year 17.3% higher than last. In the U.S., Lincoln saw December sales rise 21.4% over 2013, with an annual total 15.6% higher.

Interest is being rekindled in that storied brand, it would seem.

Scion sales slid sharply in 2014 in both American and Canadian markets (Image: Toyota Motor Corporation)

Scion sales slid sharply in 2014 in both American and Canadian markets (Image: Toyota Motor Corporation)

In a game with winners and losers, there always has to be a downside – even with buyers running to dealerships en masse, cash in hand. This past month – and this past year – the loser was Scion, the Toyota offshoot that appears to be headed the same direction as the Lusitania.

With December sales down 30.7% in Canada and 11.7% in the U.S., drastic action will be needed to reverse this trend and keep the brand afloat. The annual sales loss for Scion works out to a drop of 20.4% in Canada and 15.1% in the U.S.

Ouch.

A sporty, 5-door hatch scheduled to be released in 2015 might change things, but I’d say more models are needed to bring the brand back to visibility.

Crystal ball types are predicting that it will be difficult for the industry to maintain this level of sales next year, which isn’t all that surprising. At some point, the amount of new cars already bought, and the amount of people who can’t afford them, will conspire to reach a sales plateau.

My not-too-brilliant prediction: with oil prices plunging, expect growth in the truck and SUV categories this coming year.

 

Links:

http://www.desrosiers.ca/pdfs/sales.pdf

http://www.goodcarbadcar.net/2015/01/canada-auto-sales-brand-results-december-2014-year-end.html

We got the beat(er)

1967 Ford Falcon, spotted in Savannah, Georgia. 1960s beaters are nonexistent in Canada, but live on in the Deep South.

1967 Ford Falcon, spotted in Savannah, Georgia. 1960s beaters are nonexistent in Canada, but live on in the Deep South.

The great thing about temperate winters (besides not getting frostbite, slipping on ice, or having to pray for vehicle ignition on cold mornings) is the lack of salt.

Road salt is to cars the way Father Karras was to the demon inside Linda Blair. It destroys them, dissolves them, and sends them back to nature in their elemental state – in this case, iron oxide (rust).

Because of this, you rarely see any classic cars operating as daily drivers in northern climes. In the south, it’s a different story – if you’ve got the patience and the cash, your road-going classic can also be your grocery getter.

There’s also more to choose from, thanks to the preservation qualities of a warm, dry climate.

The ’67 Ford Falcon isn’t anyone’s idea of a ‘classic’, but it is a historic vehicle that saw many buyers back in the day. And this example, parked under hanging moss on the sultry streets of Savannah, sure has seen some use since the Summer of Love.

The Falcon carried Ford's round taillight motif until 1967, but no further.

The Falcon carried Ford’s round taillight motif until 1967, but no further.

Dents and dings adorn the bumpers and body panels of this cream-coloured Falcon, with the rear fender displaying what is probably a do-it-yourself Bondo job.

It’s a beater, but unlike the rusty Civics and Cavaliers we see up in the Great White North, it’s got history and character backing it up. Think of the tumultuous events occurring in America in 1967 (few of them non-violent).

The deadly Detroit Riots took place that tension-filled summer, along with smaller riots in Buffalo, Minneapolis, Milwaukee and Washington, DC. The Vietnam War escalated amid a growing anti-war movement, while America’s space program recorded its first deaths – the three-man crew of Apollo 1 lost in a launch pad fire.

In Georgia, Democrat Lester Maddox – a staunch segregationist – took office as the state’s governor. Despite his controversial views, the state soon embarked on an economic development strategy that included the hiring of African-Americans to public positions, as well reforming the state’s health care, education and prison systems.

Future Georgia governor Lester Maddox, seen here chasing black restaurant patrons with a gun, 1964.

Future Georgia governor Lester Maddox, seen here chasing black restaurant patrons with a gun, 1964.

Culturally, 1967 saw an explosion of counterculture that steadily progressed over the next few years. Jimi Hendrix and The Doors released their debut albums, and overseas The Beatles released what many consider one of the most influential albums of all time – Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band.

It, like the rest of their material, was hit-and-miss.*

*Says this Stones fan

The Ford Falcon was not new, or all that exciting, in 1967. It was, however, competent and – as always – offered good value to the car buyer.

The simple, unibody Falcon was born in 1960 amid the ‘compact craze’ that afflicted the American auto industry following the dismal sales year of 1958 and the subsequent success of the Rambler American.

Oddly, the architect of the Falcon – Ford Motor Company ‘Whiz Kid’ Robert McNamara – was also the architect of the Vietnam War (he served as U.S. Secretary of Defence from 1961 to 1968).

Former U.S. Secretary of Defence (and creator of the Ford Falcon) Robert McNamara on the cover of Time, 1963.

Former U.S. Secretary of Defence (and creator of the Ford Falcon) Robert McNamara on the cover of Time, 1963.

Designed to be roomy, easy to live with and easy on the pocketbook, the Falcon – though bland – outsold its competition handily. Powered by two economical and reliable straight-sixes (144 and 170 c.i.d.), it could be optioned with Ford’s smallest V-8 (260 c.i.d.) for more spirited performance.

The Falcon platform came in handy when then-exec Lee Iacocca was hunting for a cost-effective way to create an all-new sporty car to help shake up the company’s stodgy image. In 1964, the bones of the staid and sensible Falcon made way for the sexy and seductive Mustang.

The Falcon soon became available in a wide variety of body styles – sedan, coupe, convertible, and wagon – and served as the underpinnings of the Ranchero pickup.

More style and a longer list of engine options were on tap for 1964, in a bid to tap into the growing youth market. The third generation Falcon was introduced in 1966, this time based on a shortened Fairlane platform.

Ford Falcon - the vehicle of choice for Flower Children everywhere.

Ford Falcon – the vehicle of choice for Flower Children everywhere.

Signature round taillights continued to be used on the Falcon for ’66 and ’67, changing to a square setup from ’68 to the end of the model line in 1970.

Engine options for the third generation were many, ranging from the 144, 170 and 200 c.i.d. Thriftpower Six, to the 260, 289 and 302 c.i.d. Windsor V-8.

The Falcone name was retired from the American automotive landscape at the dawn of the 1970s, as Ford continued in the compact market with the Maverick and the Pinto. Overseas, the model name had longer legs – it continued in Argentina-built Fords until 1991, and is still in use in Australia.

An upmarket version of the Australian Falcon was sold from 1965 to 2008 under the equally familiar name Fairmont.

So, while this beater of a Georgia Falcon didn’t initially seem that significant, its history and the culture of its era say otherwise. For all we know, Lester Maddox or Jim Morrison once drove in it.

 

Lost highway

Pennsylvania's abandoned Route 61, one mile south of the equally abandoned town of Centralia.

Pennsylvania’s abandoned Route 61, one mile south of the equally abandoned town of Centralia.

With an old year giving way to a new one, it’s customary to reflect on the experiences of the past 12 months.

Those experiences include drives, and this year your humble author saw plenty of them. From the sunny coast of Georgia to the majestic mountains of British Columbia, 2014 delivered when it came to motoring.

But, as nice as the highways in those picturesque locales are, only one gets an end-of-year story devoted to it. And the ultra-worthy roadway of 2014 was chosen not for its views or its twists and turns, but for the fact it can’t be driven on.

Heading north from Ashland, Pennsylvania.

Heading north from Ashland, Pennsylvania.

Notoriety trumped scenery this year.

If the large picture and descriptive caption above somehow escaped your attention, I’m talking about the seriously unsexy Pennsylvania Route 61, or more specifically, the portion immediately south of the town of Centralia.

‘Town’ is a misleading word, because Centralia, once home to over 2,7000 hardy souls in the 1890s, currently contains about seven people. The ghost town the bustling community became still exists on some maps, but resides more in memories and in the pages of history books.

You see, Centralia, a once-prosperous coal-mining community nestled between rolling ridges about equal distances from Harrisburg and Scranton, had the bad luck of catching fire… gradually… underneath it.

Shiny, pure anthracite coal is everywhere in Centralia - in ditches, on hillsides, and on fire deep below the town's surface.

Shiny, pure anthracite coal is everywhere in Centralia – in ditches, on hillsides, and on fire deep below the town’s surface.

Perched atop an expansive subterranean spiderweb of high-grade (soot-free!) anthracite coal, the town remained unaware of its eventual fate for nearly two decades.

The ignition of the fire wasn’t an exciting event. Sometime on or around Memorial Day, 1962, a trash fire (or discarded ashes) at the town’s landfill ignited an exposed coal seam, starting an underground fire that even now is predicted burn another 250 years.

The townsfolk started to get wise to the growing danger in the late 1970s. Underground gas tanks began heating up, air quality plummeted due to carbon monoxide, and eventually – in 1981 – a young boy plunged through the street and into a FIERY CAVERN TO HELL while riding his bike.

He was just fine! Really!

Centralia, seen here in 1962, was small-town Rust-Belt America incarnate (photo by Robert Evans via www.offroaders.com)

Centralia, seen here in 1962, was quintessential ‘small-town Rust-Belt America’ (photo by Robert Evans via offroaders.com)

Having just enjoyed a whole decade filled with high-profile pollution issues and man-made ecological disasters, the news media focused like a magnifying glass on little ol’ Centralia.

The town that no one outside of central Pennsylvania had ever heard of became a household word, which (like Love Canal, N.Y.) was now synonymous with a creeping industrial disaster. Cries for somebody to “do something!” grew in the wake of the media exposure, and in 1984 the U.S. Congress voted to approve $42 million for relocation efforts.

In the years that followed, residents of Centralia allowed themselves to be bought out and moved to the nearby communities of Mount Carmel, Ashland or Frackville.

Pennsylvania Route 66 diverts abruptly past the berm blocking the abandoned Route 61.

Pennsylvania Route 66 diverts abruptly past the berm blocking the abandoned Route 61.

A few holdouts (seven, according to estimates) remain to this day, even after the state of Pennsylvania invoked eminent domain in 1992 on all remaining homes in the town.

The state highway that ran through Centralia was also undermined by the constantly shifting coal fire, which would pop up near the surface in random areas only recede to a new locale.

Efforts to repair the damaged road surface were eventually abandoned, and a mile-long section of Route 61 immediately south of Centralia was closed off and crudely bypassed by a new Route 66 in 1993.

Abandoned in 1993 after multiple repair attempts, Route 61 is an apocalyptic paradise.

Abandoned in 1993 after multiple repair attempts, Route 61 is an apocalyptic paradise.

The abandoned stretch of highway is spooky even in the best of weather, and is something of a tourist attraction, drawing photographers and graffiti (both professional and lewd) to its cracked surface.

The highway and town, both bordered by deep, dark woods, are now ideal shooting locations for desolate music videos or post-apocalyptic films (the 2006 horror film Silent Hill was inspired by Centralia’s plight).

Just watch out for that massive, underground coal fire.

A visitor to Centralia will quickly notice that on the ground everywhere – on wooded slopes or next to roadways – is the substance that spawned the town and ultimately caused its demise. Coal. Shiny, flaky anthracite coal, which powered the blast furnaces, locomotives and steamships of America during its 19th Century industrial expansion.

Coal, still mined in small quantities nearby, which heated homes and public buildings in large numbers well into the 1980s and is still in limited use today.

The land that giveth also taketh away.

Coal Country, U.S.A., and the site of one of the country's most notorious environmental disasters.

Coal Country, U.S.A., and the site of one of the country’s most notorious environmental disasters.